2012年12月英語四級試卷真題（文字版）

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　　67、根據以下內容，回答{TSE}題。

　　Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world-an effect that has been observed___67___the animal kingdom，in people，monkeys and even spiders．The more secure we are in our___68___to Morn，the more likely we are to try new things and take risks．Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood．A___69___reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is___70___to change people’s minds and moods，___71___ their decision making in measurable ways．

　　In a study___72___online in April in Psychological Science，undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles--a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly___73___or ariskier stock option，for example．In half the cases，the experimenters patted the students___74___on the back of the shoulder for about one second__75___providing verbal instructions about the study．Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were___76____more likely to choose the risky alternative____77___were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters．

　　The reassuring(寬慰的)touch of a woman may have induced early associations，____78___the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of____79___mothers，explains Jonathan Levav,a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study．To further____80___that a woman’s touch links feelings of security____81___risk taking，the researchersasked a____82___group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise． Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported，whereas the____83___half wrote about feeling insecure and alone．Evoking(喚起)a____84___of insecurity made students in the latter group____85___receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk-just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuringhug____86___Mom before stepping on the bus．

　　A．by

　　B．up

　　C．above

　　D．across

　　68、

　　A．concern

　　B．attachment

　　C．treatment

　　D．appeal

　　69、

　　A．bare

　　B．unique